Shwezigon Pagoda – The Golden Temple in Bagan, Myanmar

Overview

The Shwezigon Pagoda is one of the most iconic and revered religious sites in Bagan, Myanmar, and holds significant historical, cultural, and religious importance. Known for its stunning golden stupa and its role as a major pilgrimage site, Shwezigon is considered the prototype for many of Myanmar’s later pagodas. The pagoda’s dazzling golden appearance and its serene surroundings attract visitors from around the world, making it a must-see destination when exploring the temples of Bagan.

History and Significance

Shwezigon Pagoda was commissioned by King Anawrahta, the founder of the Pagan Empire, in the early 11th century (around 1059 CE) and completed by his successor, King Kyansittha. The pagoda was built to house relics of the Buddha and as part of the king’s efforts to spread Theravada Buddhism throughout his empire. It is considered one of the oldest and most important pagodas in Bagan, serving as a model for subsequent constructions in Myanmar.

The pagoda’s primary purpose is to hold sacred Buddhist relics, which it does in its inner chamber. The pagoda is also believed to have been built to promote peace and prosperity within the kingdom, symbolizing the unity of the nation under Buddhism. Today, it remains one of the most visited temples in Bagan and continues to be an active site of worship and pilgrimage.

What to Expect at Shwezigon Pagoda

The Shwezigon Pagoda is a stunning example of Burmese architecture and features a massive, gold-covered stupa that reaches a height of 49 meters. The pagoda’s golden dome is visible from miles away, making it one of the most striking and impressive landmarks in Bagan.

• The Golden Stupa: The central feature of Shwezigon is its golden stupa, which is surrounded by smaller stupas and shrines. The stupa is coated in gold leaf, and its sheer scale and radiance make it one of the most visually captivating sites in Myanmar. At sunset, the golden surface of the pagoda takes on an even more magical glow, creating a mesmerizing sight.
• Surrounding Shrines and Temples: The pagoda complex includes several smaller stupas, shrines, and Buddhist statues. Visitors can walk around the base of the stupa and explore the intricately designed reliefs and paintings that depict scenes from the Buddha’s life and important Buddhist teachings. Each of the four sides of the pagoda features a large Buddha statue, representing different stages of the Buddha’s life.
• Inner Chamber: The pagoda’s inner chamber houses sacred relics, which include a piece of the Buddha’s tooth, as well as other relics from his life. These relics are carefully preserved and are an important part of the religious significance of the site.
• Pilgrimage Site: As a key religious site, Shwezigon Pagoda remains a place of pilgrimage for local Buddhists. Visitors will often encounter devout pilgrims making offerings, lighting candles, and praying at the pagoda. The atmosphere at Shwezigon is peaceful and meditative, allowing visitors to experience the spiritual reverence that surrounds this ancient site.

How to Get to Shwezigon Pagoda

Shwezigon Pagoda is located in New Bagan, which is easily accessible from the other areas of Bagan. There are several ways to reach the pagoda:

• By Bicycle or Electric Bike: Renting a bicycle or electric bike is one of the best ways to explore Bagan and visit Shwezigon Pagoda. The distance between New Bagan and the pagoda is short, and cycling around Bagan allows you to enjoy the landscape and take in the sights at your own pace.
• By Horse Cart: For a more traditional experience, you can hire a horse cart to take you to Shwezigon Pagoda. This is a relaxing way to travel and offers an authentic way to experience the local culture.
• By Taxi: Taxis are widely available in Bagan and can take you directly to Shwezigon Pagoda. It’s a convenient option, especially if you prefer a more comfortable ride.
• Walking: If you’re staying nearby, Shwezigon Pagoda is easily within walking distance, allowing you to take in the sights of the surrounding area on foot.

Best Time to Visit Shwezigon Pagoda

The best time to visit Shwezigon Pagoda is during the cool season, which typically runs from November to February. During this time, the weather is more comfortable, with pleasant temperatures and lower humidity. The early morning and late afternoon are particularly beautiful times to visit, as the light creates stunning reflections on the golden stupa.

Avoid visiting during the hot season (March to May), as the temperatures can be quite high, making walking around the temple complex uncomfortable. The rainy season (June to October) brings occasional showers, and while the pagoda is still open, the weather may not be ideal for outdoor exploration.

What to Wear and Cultural Etiquette

As Shwezigon Pagoda is a religious site, it’s important to dress modestly when visiting. Both men and women should wear clothing that covers the shoulders and knees. Comfortable shoes are recommended, as you will be walking around the site and may need to remove them when entering certain areas of the temple.

Visitors are expected to remove their shoes and socks before entering the pagoda or any other sacred area within the temple complex. This is a common practice at most Buddhist sites in Myanmar. Additionally, it’s important to be respectful of the local customs. Speaking quietly, refraining from pointing your feet at religious statues or monks, and avoiding climbing on any structures are essential ways to show respect.

Accommodation Near Shwezigon Pagoda

While there are no accommodations directly at the Shwezigon Pagoda, there are many options in the nearby New Bagan area, which is home to a variety of hotels, guesthouses, and resorts. Old Bagan is another nearby area with several accommodations, offering a more serene and historical atmosphere. Visitors typically choose to stay in New Bagan or Old Bagan, as they offer convenient access to the pagoda and other nearby attractions.

Conclusion

The Shwezigon Pagoda is one of the jewels of Bagan and Myanmar’s religious heritage. Its golden stupa, surrounded by smaller temples and shrines, offers a mesmerizing and spiritual experience. Whether you’re marveling at the grandeur of the pagoda, exploring its intricate designs, or simply soaking in the peaceful atmosphere, Shwezigon Pagoda offers an unforgettable glimpse into Myanmar’s rich history and Buddhist traditions. With its captivating beauty and significance, a visit to Shwezigon is an essential part of any trip to Bagan.